Prepare the dough: In a large mixing bowl, combine flour, yeast, and sugar. Stir in salt, then add warm water and oil. Mix until a soft dough forms, then knead for about 7–8 minutes until smooth and elastic.
Transfer the dough to a lightly greased bowl, cover, and let rise for 1 hour or until doubled in size.
Make the filling: Heat olive oil in a skillet over medium heat. Add the onion and sauté for 4-5 minutes. Stir in garlic and cook for another minute.
Add the ground beef and cook, breaking it apart with a wooden spoon, until browned and no longer pink (about 5 minutes). Stir in the salt, pepper, thyme, cumin, paprika, and tomato paste. Mix well and cook for about 2 minutes. Then pour in the broth (or water) and cook on low heat for a few minutes, until the mixture is juicy but not dry. Remove from heat and set aside to cool. Stir in pine nuts if using.
Shape the buns: Punch down the dough and divide it into 18 equal pieces (each about 45–50 grams). Roll each piece into a ball, then flatten into a 3–3.5 inch (7–9cm) circle.
Spoon 2 tablespoons of filling into the center, gather the edges, and pinch to seal tightly. Shape back into a smooth ball.
Rest and bake: Arrange the filled buns on a parchment-lined baking tray, seam-side down. Cover and let rest for 20 minutes while preheating the oven to 350°F (180°C).
Brush each bun with beaten egg, sprinkle with sesame seeds, and bake for 18–22 minutes, or until golden brown.
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Notes
Meat variations: You can use ground chicken, turkey, or lamb instead of beef.
Vegetarian version: Swap the beef for sautéed mushrooms, lentils, or crumbled tofu with the same spices.
Add cheese: Mix in a little shredded mozzarella or feta to make cheesy meat buns.
Make ahead: Prepare the buns up to the resting stage, cover, and refrigerate for up to 12 hours. Bake when ready.
Freezing: Once baked and cooled, freeze in an airtight container for up to 2 months. Reheat in the oven at 300°F (150°C) until warm.
Oil options: You can use any neutral oil for the dough such as canola, sunflower, or grapeseed oil. Olive oil gives a richer flavor but slightly denser texture, choose based on your preference.